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Pavlovce nad Uhom (Romani: ''Pavlovcis'', (ハンガリー語:Pálócz)) is a village and municipality in the Slovakian district of Michalovce, which lies in the Eastern Slovak Kosice Region. Roughly 19 kilometers southeast of the town of Michalovce, Pavlovce sits, as its name indicates, on the south bank of the Uzh River ((スロバキア語:Uh)), about eight kilometers west of the border with Ukraine. The population of the village was 4.439 at the time of the 2010 census. Apart from the village itself, which predates medieval times, the municipality Pavlovce nad Uhom was established in 1960 by union of two separate municipalities – Pavlovce nad Uhom and Ťahyňa. ==History== After decay of Great Moravian Empire, Slovak territory including East Slovak Lowland became part of Kingdom of Hungary for next to near thousand years. Its territory became colonized by Hungarians, in three phases, who have sequentially mixed with native Slavic and Slovak population. New guarding posts, settlements of strategical importance started to grow up on border lines of young Kingdom of Hungary. According to professor Ferdinant Uličný, Pavlovce nad Uhom was established by watch-keeping units of The Cumans〔Uličný F., 1995, p. 329〕 (in Russian: Половцы – Polovtsi,Polovci; in slovak: Plavci). Captured Cumans were forced to carry out watch-keeping military service. The name Pavlovce, Plavce was not given to early settlement by The Cumans themselves but Slovak inhabitants and Hungarian nobles〔Uličný F., 1995, p. 174〕 during the following decades. On the other hand, others stand for different explanation, that the name was derived from popular Slavic name Pavol.〔Stanislav J., Slovenský juh v stredoveku I, Bratislava 1999, p. 390〕 The first written record of the municipality dates to 1327 when Charles I of Hungary in his donation agreement confirmed ownership of Pavlovce in favor of Peter called Túz. In 1417, for the merits of Matthew II of Pavlovce (?-1437) and George of Pavlovce (?-10.4.1439, Esztergom), members of noble family from Pavlovce (de Palócz), emperor Sigismund, Sigismund of Luxembourg rewarded the two brothers with confirmation of their ownership.〔Uličný F., 1995, p. 97〕 In 15th and 16th century, Pavlovce became the center of manor consisting of surrounding municipalities such as: Bežovce, Blatná Polianka, Čabraď (pri Bežovciach), Chyzzer (pri Bajanoch), Kapušianske Kľačany, Iňačovce, Rebrín, Senné, Tašuľa a Záhor.〔Maksay F., Magyarorsyág birtokviszonyai a 16. század középen, Budapešť 1990, p. 852〕 Later, in 1670, manor of Blatný potok (Sárospatak) was attached. Noble family of Pavlovce vanished in mail tail by the death of Anton of Pavlovce (?-29.8.1526) in Battle of Mohács in 1526.〔Slovenský biografický slovník IV, Martin 1990, p.388〕 Noble family Dobó de Ruzska became new legitimate owner of Pavlovce manor. In the 17th century, reformation movement was spreading through Kingdom of Hungary, anti-Turkish and anti-Habsburg wars took place negatively affecting local population with camping armies and heavy taxes.〔Autorský kolektív, Pavlovce nad Uhom-Prechádzka históriou a súčasnosťou,2006, str.51, ISBN 80-89258-01-8〕 In 1670, the municipality lost its owner Mikuláš Forgáč and was consequently divided among few nobles such as George and Imrich Horváth of Pavlovce. In 1711, after Treaty of Szatmár, the followers of Francis II Rákóczi (1676–1735) were forced, under the threat of losing wealth or exile, to swear allegiance to the king. This was the case of two nobles to whom Pavlovce belonged, Francis Barkóci and George Horváth.〔Autorský kolektív, Pavlovce nad Uhom-Prechádzka históriou a súčasnosťou,2006, str.57, ISBN 80-89258-01-8〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pavlovce nad Uhom」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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